(MS-SGSN-GGSN) GPRS Interfaces in 2G network
Here, we illustrate the GPRS interfaces between the MS, the SGSN, and the GGSN in 2G network in both ‘control plan’, and ‘data plan’. The ‘control plan’ is where the […]
(MS-SGSN-GGSN) GPRS Interfaces in 3G network
Here, we illustrate the GPRS interfaces between the MS, the SGSN, and the GGSN in 3G network in both ‘control plane’, and ‘data plane’. The ‘control plane’ is where the […]
What is SS7 over IP, ‘SIGTRAN’
SS7 protocol SS7 is a protocol responsible to move the signaling messages between telecom network nodes. It is using the Service Switching Points (SSPs), and Signal Transfer Points (STPs). The […]
How SGSN selects the GGSN in GPRS, using iDNS and eDNS
The network is not having only one GGSN, it may have a few GGSNs. Also, it is having a lot of APNs. Some of those APNs exist on all GGSNs, […]
PDP Context Deactivation Procedure
The MS, the SGSN, and the GGSN can initiate The ‘PDP context deactivation procedure’. PDP Context Deactivation Procedure (MS initiated) The MS sends ‘Deactivate PDP context request’ to the SGSN, […]
PDP Context Modification Procedure
In case one of any parameters associated with the PDP context changed, like the QoS as example. The node in which the PDP context is changed should initiate ‘PDP Context […]
Session Management states in GPRS (2G and 3G)
For an MS to be able to send and receive data to and from the PDN, it must have an active PDP context. The ‘PDP context’ exist on the MS, […]
NSAPI and TI – PDP identifiers
NSAPI NSAPI refers to ‘Network layer Service Access Point Identifier’. The MS generates the NSAPI in the ‘PDP context activation’ procedure, And the MS sends it in the ‘Active PDP context […]
QoS ‘Quality of Service’ in GPRS
QoS refers to ‘Quality of Service’. After ‘PDP context activation’ procedure completes, a ‘PDP context’ shall exist on the MS, the SGSN, and the GGSN. In addition, the GGSN assigns […]
PDP type in GPRS
PDP type is the type of the IP address assigned to the PDP. PDP type maybe one of the following, IPv4. IPv6. IPv4v6 (Dual stack). The PDP type exists in subscription […]